This publication reports on the Indigenous Australians with mental health disorders and cognitive disability in the criminal justice system project. The project involved the development of an in-depth representation of the interactions of diagnoses, vulnerabilities, complex support needs and intensive interventions and how these integrate for Aboriginal people with mental and cognitive disabilities in the criminal justice system. The report provides detailed quantitative analysis of the 676 Indigenous men and women from New South Wales and the Northern Territory criminal justice systems who participated in the project. The report also includes the views of the community regarding systematic and social challenges, service failures, positive interventions and culturally responsive approaches and remedies.