Indigenous people constitute 82% of the Northern Territory’s prison population. The regime of mandatory sentencing for property offences was introduced in the Northern Territory in 1997, and then repealed in 2001. Then, in 2008, mandatory imprisonment for first-time assault offenders where the injury interferes with the victim’s health or results in serious harm, was legislated, prompting another increase in Indigenous imprisonment. Other mandatory sentence offences and the rates of Indigenous imprisonment are discussed.